What are three impacts of the English Reformation?

Answer 1

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Answer 2

There were many but one of the most important was that the common people started to get The Bible in their own language. The knowledge this brought demonstrated the error of those who taught many things contrary to scripture. It also gave an infallible standard by which the Protestant teachers themselves could be judged. A consequence of this was the vital necessity of education so people could read the Bible for themselves. This all coincided with the development of printing.

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Answer 3

POSITIVE: When Henry made England Protestant he shut down all of the monasteries, which owned up to 20% of land in England. This centralized land in his kingdom. His treasury was also enriched. The religious reform could possibly be good for his country, and allow more freedom to the people and rulers if they were not under the church. NEGATIVE:The reasons were very selfish, and in fact his male heir Edward only ruled until age 15. It was Elizabeth, his daughter with Anne Boleyn who would rule. It created huge religious conflict. The Spanish Armada invaded England during Elizabeth’s rule because they were supporting Protestant ideals. Because most of Europe was still under the Church, it made communicating with other countries very hard, which made money tight and the risk of invasion very high.

Answer 4

The English Reformation was a hybrid affair, especially at the beginning! It was an effort of the state in pursuit of Henry's dynastic arrangements. The destruction of the monasteries was Henry's way of getting money and buying off his opponents both Catholic and Calvinist!

In the clash regarding Henry's annulment plea to the pope, it was pointed out to him that the magisterium [authority of the Church] lay not in the papacy but in the Ecumenical Councils and that the pope had usurped the position of the Bishops and Councils. Whilst I imagine it had very little to do with Henry Tudor, we owe him thanks for bringing the Catholic Church in England back to the old faith.

In fact the English Reformation preserved the old faith of Revelation, Scripture and the Fathers in Council. The Apostolical Succession in both Catholic teaching and Orders.

Answer 5

The English Reformation resulted in many faithful Catholics being horribly martyred by the Crown. The Churches were all confiscated by the Crown. Monasteries and convents were dissolved and monks, nuns, friars, and sisters were turned out of their homes with nothing. The faithful were forbidden to practice traditional Christianity, and forced to accept the crown as head of the Church. Altars were desecrated, tombs of saints were desecrated. The Church's good works for the poor, orphans, hospitals, asylums, schools, all were abandoned. For a complete look at the destruction caused by the protestant revolt in England, please read The Stripping of the Altars by Eamon Duffy.

Answer 6

King Henry VIII of England closed all the monasteries, confiscated or stole (use whichever word you think fits) all of their property and goods, and turned the monks and nuns out into the streets. He taxed his nation that "exceeded the aggregate amount of all the taxes upon record, which had been imposed by his predecessors". David Hume "for all his rejoicing over the dissolution, admits that the English of that age were 'like eastern slaves.' Lingard observes that when parliament made the king the supreme head of the Church, it exalted his royal power 'above law and equity,' so that he now acted as if 'infallible in matters of policy and religion.' Parliament groveled before him: Whenever the speaker addressed the kind as 'most sacred majesty,' the House of Lords rose (Commons was already standing), and the whole parliament 'bowed profoundly to the demi-god on the throne.'" - from The Curse of Sacrilege" by Dr. Anne Barbeau Gardiner. King Henry distributed the spoils of sacrilege to his nobles in way of reward, yet nearly all of them lost their new found gains: lands and riches, within a generation.

More importantly, with the closing of the monasteries, the endowments and countless services provided by the abbey to the poor including free education and medical services simply vanished with the result that, for the first time since the Middle Ages, the gap between the classes became unbridgeable and the poor were completely left unattended to.

Oxford had 300 halls or private schools, besides the colleges, before the dissolution, after it, there were "not above eight remaining", due to the fact that they had all been supported by religious orders.

(Oxford historian Anthony Wood) Also the welfare system of the abbeys gone, the orphans, widows, the infirm, and the aged were reduced to pauperism: "Thousands upon thousands were forced to wander about in misery, after having been constantly fed, clad, and sheltered, as was their right. Every principal monastery had a hospital, with officers and attendants to take care of the sick and dying. Now these places were gone. . . original documents in the Public Record Office show[ed] 'that the plunder of the poor by those in power was a deliberate and premeditated act.' p Dr. Gardiner J.A. Froude, who applauds the dissolution, nevertheless cites, in a footnote, the following manuscript complaint from that era: "'many merchant adventurers, cloth makers, goldsmiths, butchers, tanners, and other artificers and unreasonable covetous persons, which doth encroach daily many farms more than they occupy in tilth of corn; then, twelve, fourteen, or sixteen farms in one man's hands at once so that where there was in a town twenty or thirty dwelling-houses they be now decayed, ploughs and all the people clean gone.'

Altogether, Henry executed two queens, one cardinal, twelve dukes, marquesses, earls and earl's sons, eighteen knights and barons, seventy-seven abbots, priors, monks, and priests, and "huge multitudes" of ordinary people. It is credibly reported by Holinshed and others (including David Hume), that 72,000 of the common people were hanged in his reign, mainly for theft and robbery. Cobbett comments that desperate hunger knows no law.

Dr. Gardiner concludes "Thus, England witnessed the end of free education, roads overrun with the sick and destitute, and the start of a new class division.

In addition, Cobbett points out that they didn't even spare the tomb of King Alfred the Great, who reigned from 871 to 899, or that of Saint Grimbald "they sold the very lead of the coffins'" In Canterbury, they attacked the tomb of St. Augustine, as well as the magnificent shrine of St. Thomas a Becket. Besides stealing all the"gold, silver, and jewels" from his shrine, his skull was burned and its ashes scattered.

Most of the above was extracted from Dr. Anne Barbeau Gardiner's article "The Curse of Sacrilege" in the Christmas 2013 (Vol. 22, No. 4) edition of The Latin Mass.

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Answer 7

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