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Probably the greatest difference between medieval art and the art of the Renaissance is that Renaissance artists wanted to be visually accurate. Renaissance artists studied human anatomy in a way medieval people would probably have found shocking, for example, by watching doctors dissect the bodies of dead people. Renaissance artists also developed and studied linear perspective, which is the same perspective that is produced in a camera. They produced a level of understanding of linear perspective that remained virtually unchanged until advances of the last few decades of the 20th century. Renaissance artists also relied heavily on oil paints, which allowed much more detail in the paintings than could be achieved by the paints used in the Middle Ages. Oils were under development during most of the Middle Ages, but it was not until the Renaissance that they were really perfected. Renaissance artists were less inclined to limit their artwork to religious topics than medieval artists were. The great art of the Middle Ages include a lot of calligraphy and illumination of manuscripts. These, of course, were replaced by typography, wood cut, and engraving during the Renaissance.

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