Simply put, Mustafa Kemal saw Western ways (once nuanced to work for the Turkish people) as the most efficacious way of making Turkey an independent and sovereign nation that could handle the modern world. Below are some of the many ways that he incorporated Western ideals into the Turkish State
1) Secularization: Unlike the previous Ottoman Rulers, Kemal firmly held that religion should have no sway in political matters. He abolished the Caliphate, which has never been restored, but was a very controversial matter at the time. He assisted in the passing of laws banning the hijaab and the fez, so as to Westernize patterns of dress.
2) Laws and Codes: Kemal used the Italian Penal Codes as a basis for new and more expansive Turkish Law. He considered the Islamic and Ottoman Laws as being outdated and oppressive. These new laws, in his opinion, allowed Turkey to progress into the Modern Era.
3) Education: Kemal brought Western analysts in to help him reform the educational system from being one based on Qu'ranic Memorization in Madrassas to a Western Occupation-Driven form of schooling. He reformed Universities and Primary Schools alike to prepare Turks for the Modern world.
4) Technology and Manufactures: Kemal invested heavily in improving regional technology, financing directives to build planes and automobiles. He also directed the private sector to make factories for textiles, sugar, paper and steel. Besides these, government owned power plants, banks, and newly established insurance companies. In addition, massive amounts of cotton were planted and cultivated throughout Turkey.
5) Diplomacy: Kemal saw international negotiation, a skilled Western tactic using Western institutions, as the best way to maintain peace abroad. He broached the subject of borders with the Greeks, Syrians, and British Iraqis using tact and poise. He preferred to sign documents than go with the traditional Ottoman response of "send in the Janissaries".
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The two ways in which Eastern and Western Roman society were different include the fact that the Western Roman embraced Latin language, wile the Eastern part embraced Greek, and that the Western Roman society was wholly absorbed by the barbarians, but the Eastern were not.
Both cultural and physical tended to separate Russia from western Europe
i believe that congress is very effectie in many ways but it is also ineffective in many ways
He declared it a secular country. He granted women rights. He changed the Turkish alphabet. He mandated education.
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The cast of Western Ways - 1922 includes: Trumps the Dog
Western Ways - 1922 was released on: USA: 1 February 1922
People responded to Plato's ideas in different ways. Some embraced his philosophical concepts and saw him as a highly influential figure in Western philosophy. Others challenged his theories and engaged in debates with him, critiquing his idealism and his views on governance. His ideas continue to be studied and interpreted in various academic disciplines to this day.
No. Japan embraced Western ways of life in order to industrialize.
Some people believe that traditions are meant to be broken because they think that sticking to old ways can hold back progress and limit individual freedom. They believe that breaking traditions can lead to new ideas, innovation, and personal growth.
WHAT
Intercultural festivals and intermarriages are some of the ways in which ideas travel from one culture to another.
Ideas cannot be protected; only the expression of those ideas.
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