What is a parma shield?

Answer 1

It was a round shield nearly 1 yard across and made of iron. It was introduced in the Roman army in the late emprire. It was used by the auxiliary infantry and the cavalry

Answer 2

A parma shield, also known as a buckler, is a small round shield typically used in combat. It was popular in the Middle Ages and Renaissance and was designed to be held in one hand. The parma shield provided defense by deflecting or blocking incoming attacks, while allowing the wielder to maintain mobility and use their other hand for offense.