Sphingolipids are a class of lipids that play crucial roles in cellular structure and signaling. They are characterized by the presence of a sphingoid base, typically sphingosine, which is linked to fatty acids and other head groups. Sphingolipids are important components of cell membranes, particularly in the formation of lipid rafts, and are involved in various biological processes, including cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. Their dysregulation is associated with several diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders and cancer.