The Peloponnese War which lasted from 431-404BC was an Ancient Greek military conflict, fought by Athens and its empire against the Peloponnese League, led by Sparta. Historians have traditionally divided the war into three phases. In the first, the Archidamian War, Sparta launched repeated invasions of Attica, while Athens took advantage of its naval supremacy to raid the coast of the Peloponnese attempting to suppress signs of unrest in its empire. This period of the war was concluded in 421 BC, with the signing of the Peace of Nicias. That treaty, however, was soon undermined by renewed fighting in the Peloponnese. In 415 BC, Athens dispatched a massive expeditionary force to attack Syracuse in Sicily; the attack failed disastrously, with the destruction of the entire force, in 413 BC. This ushered in the final phase of the war, generally referred to either as the Decelean War, or the Ionian War. In this phase, Sparta, now receiving support from Persia, supported rebellions in Athens' subject states in the Aegean Sea and Ionia, undermining Athens' empire, and, eventually, depriving the city of naval supremacy. The destruction of Athens' fleet at Aegospotami effectively ended the war, and Athens surrendered in the following year. The Peloponnese War reshaped the Ancient Greek world. On the level of international relations, Athens, the strongest city-state in Greece prior to the war's beginning, was reduced to a state of near-complete subjection, while Sparta was established as the leading power of Greece. The economic costs of the war were felt all across Greece; poverty became widespread in the Peloponnese, while Athens found itself completely devastated, and never regained its pre-war prosperity.[1][2] The war also wrought subtler changes to Greek society; the conflict between democratic Athens and oligarchic Sparta, each of which supported friendly political factions within other states, made civil war a common occurrence in the Greek world. Greek warfare, meanwhile, originally a limited and formalized form of conflict, transformed into an all-out struggle between city-states, complete with atrocities on a large scale. Shattering religious and cultural taboos, devastating vast swathes of countryside, and destroying whole cities -- the Peloponnese War marked the dramatic end to the fifth-century-B.C. golden age of Greece.[3]
The Peloponnese
Messenia is an area or district in the Peloponnese or lower part of ancient Greece.
The Peloponnese war
"Peloponnese" is a term that comes into English from the Greek language, and it refers to the expansive peninsula that comprises the southwestern portion of Greece. Phonetically by syllable, the term is pronounced "pell-uh-puh-NEES", with a soft "s" at the end.
Corinth
University of Peloponnese was created in 2002.
The population of Peloponnese - region - is 650,310.
Peloponnese - region - was created in 1987.
The area of Peloponnese - region - is 15,490 square kilometers.
Peloponnese Slow Worm was created in 1894.
Arcadia is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of Peloponnese and is located in the central part of the Peloponnese Peninsula.
Peloponnese
The driving distance from Volos, Greece to Peloponnese 220 16, Greece is 309.98mi / 498.87km
There are many islands and peninsulas-like landforms in the south of Greece. You need to be more specific.
Arcadia
The Peloponnese
it is in Bassae, Peloponnese, Greece