concurrent
The concept you are asking about is called "due process". It is guaranteed by the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments. The Fifth Amendment guarantees due process when dealing with the federal government, while the Fourteenth Amendment guarantees it when dealing with State governments.
In a unitary government the power is held by one central authority but in a federal government, the power is divided between national (federal) government and local (state) governments. Federal government v has multiple hierarchy levels, with both the central authority and the states (or provinces) both being sovereign.v the central (national) rules override the state rules v has a balance between them. IE the US v shared between national and local levels. In a federal form of government, the term "federal" is also used to refer to the national level of government. Unitary government v there is no hierarchy of sovereign powers. v states have no authority to pass their own laws, and the central (national) govt can order the states to do anything -- just like a state can order a town to do anything, because the town is not sovereign. v is the federal government has a huge percentage of the power. IE Japan
I'm pretty sure a confederate system is where the states have a ton more rights then the national government. i.e. the EU.The federal government has a balance between them. i.e. the USThe unitary government is the federal government has a huge percentage of the power. i.e. JapanUnitary/Confederal/Federal Systems of Governmental Organization: In a unitary system of government, a central government does exist. Although units are associated with that government, sovereignty is controlled by the central government. No one has separate authority. In a confederal system of government, the units all retain their own sovereignty. Collectively, they cooperate for the benefit of themselves. In a federal system of government, sovereignty is invested in the central government. This system allows a limited amount of government among units.
The Indian federation is often termed a "centralized federation" because, despite having a federal structure that allocates powers between the central and state governments, the central government wields significant authority over the states. The Constitution of India grants the central government the power to legislate on a wider range of subjects and allows it to intervene in state matters under certain conditions. Additionally, the Emergency provisions enable the central government to assume greater control over state functions, further reinforcing its dominance in the federal framework. This centralization is intended to maintain national unity and integrity in a diverse country.
Federalism has a couple of meanings. The one you probably want is that federalism means that power is vested in multiple levels of governments, each with their own jurisdictions. In the United States for example, you have the federal government in DC and then you have the states. This system is common throughout the world, it allows for the distribution of power (as putting too much power in one place is considered bad) and historically it also allowed different places to unify but still retain their own independence and identity.
concurrent powers
A federal government allows central and local governments to share power. In this system, authority is divided between a national government and various subnational entities, such as states or provinces. Each level of government has its own responsibilities and powers, allowing for both centralized decision-making and local autonomy. Countries like the United States, Canada, and Australia operate under federal systems.
constitution
The Constitution only allows for the Federal governments income to be from duties and imposts. The government also relies on income taxes, sales taxes and corporate taxes.
No
The United States has a federal form of government. This means that power is divided between the national government and individual state governments, each having its own responsibilities and authority. This structure allows for a balance of power, enabling states to manage local affairs while the federal government handles national issues.
Residual powers refer to the authority to legislate on matters not explicitly assigned to the federal or state governments by a constitution. In the context of the United States, residual powers are primarily held by state governments, as the Tenth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution reserves powers not delegated to the federal government for the states and the people. This allows states to address issues and enact laws that are not covered by federal legislation.
As exemplified in the US Constitution, Federal systems make determining factors in the distribution of governmental power.For the most part, matters of a national or common are vested within a federal government. This allows for the more local items to be handled in state and local governments.
unitary
Generally speaking, Federalism is a system in which the federal government (the central government of the country) has primacy of power over the political subunits such as states. States still retain some power in common with the central government, but must defer in cases of conflict.
It allows the federal government to expand its powers
elastic clause