Henry II
Admiralty courts
George Grenville wanted colonial smugglers sent to vice admiralty courts to enhance the enforcement of trade laws and curb smuggling in the American colonies. These courts, presided over by judges without juries, would expedite legal proceedings and impose stricter penalties, thereby reducing the influence of local juries that often sympathized with smugglers. Grenville believed that this approach would strengthen British control over colonial trade and increase revenue for the Crown.
In smuggling courts there was no juries just a judge.
The Athenian statesman Solon instituted reforms to the Athenian government in 594 B.C. These reforms included the establishment of the Assembly, which allowed citizens to participate in decision-making, and the introduction of people's courts with juries, enhancing the judicial process and promoting greater civic involvement. Solon's changes aimed to alleviate social tensions and address economic disparities, laying the groundwork for Athenian democracy.
The story of King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table is a mythyical story from European courts of the middle ages. It has no basis in fact.
the king that developed courts and juries was Louis iii The English king Ethelred the Unready was the first English king to set up a system of juries. Henry II of England in the 12th century ended trial by ordeal.
Vice-admiralty courts were run by officers and did not have juries.
Only trial courts use juries.
Federal District Courts use petit juries since they are are trial courts.
Admiralty courts
US District Courts.
Henry II upon writing the Magna Carta
In smuggling courts there was no juries just a judge.
Admiralty courts
In smuggling courts there was no juries just a judge.
MD Circuit Courts do have juries. It's District Courts that don't. An explanation is at the first related link below. More information and links about MD courts are at the second related link.
Vice-admiralty courts were run by officers and did not have juries.