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The first known Jewish person to set foot in what is now the US was Joachim Gans in Virginia in 1584. He was a metallurgist and left in 1586. The first to stay was Elias Legarde who came in 1621 from France to Virginia to teach wine making. By

Earlier, Luis de Carabajal y Cueva, a Spanish conquistador and converso was in what is now Texas in 1570. Because being Jewish was forbidden in the Spanish Empire after 1492, all those who came to what is now New Mexico had to be hidden. There are still families there today who remained "hidden" Jews and came to New Mexico in the 1540-1700 period.

The first open community, as opposed to individuals or hidden, was in 1654 was when 23 Jews from the Sephardic community in the Netherlands, coming from Recife, Brazil, then a Dutch colony, arrived in New Amsterdam (New York City).

South Carolina, was governed under an charter that granted liberty of conscience to all settlers, expressly mentioning "Jews, heathens, and dissenters." As a result, Charleston, South Carolina has a particularly long history of Sephardic settlement, In 1816 the Jewish population numbered over 600. Sephardic Dutch Jews were also among the early settlers of Newport, Savannah, Philadelphia and Baltimore

By 1776 and the War of Independence, around 2,000 Jews lived in America, most of them Sephardic Jews of Spanish and Portuguese origin. They played a significant role in the struggle for independence

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