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The garrison commander, John C. Pemberton, would certainly like to have known the answer to that question, as he was at the mercy of conflicting orders. The Confederate president told him his orders were to hold the town at all costs, while his local area commander, Joseph E. Johnston, was urging him to evacuate the place and save his army.

On the Union side, it was a simpler matter. Grant's aim was simply to capture Vicksburg and liberate the Mississippi.

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How did the citizens of Vicksburg resist grants attack?

The citizens resisted Grants attack by keeping him out of Vicksburg. What ends up happening is Grants forces stop food from going into Vicksburg forcing Vicksburg to surrender.


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By splendid deception tactics. He had to get his troops across to the East bank of the Mississippi, downstream from Vicksburg. But at the crossing-point, they would be highly vulnerable to attack from Confederate units. So he ordered a cavalry raid down through the whole length of the state of Mississippi, to distract the attention of the garrison commander (Pemberton). This commander was indeed completely baffled as to what was going on, and did not realize that Grant had crossed the river until the operation was complete. Grant was then in a favourable position to attack Vicksburg - greatly helped by the conflicting orders Pemberton was receiving, with his President urging him to hold Vicksburg at any cost, and his area commander, Joe Johnston, advising him to abandon the place and save his army. After discovering that Vicksburg could not be carried by assault, Grant settled down to a siege, and Pemberton duly surrendered on a glorious Fourth of July.

Related Questions

How did the citizens of Vicksburg resist grants attack?

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