What were the Mesopotamia causes and decline?

Answer 1

The rise of Mesopotamia, often referred to as the "Cradle of Civilization," was primarily driven by the development of agriculture, facilitated by the fertile land between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. This agricultural surplus supported the growth of cities and complex societies. The decline of Mesopotamian civilization was influenced by a combination of environmental factors, such as soil salinization and climate changes, along with political instability and invasions by external groups, such as the Persians and later the Greeks. These factors ultimately led to the fragmentation of city-states and the loss of centralized power.