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Most people did not have kitchens, because most people could not afford them. Poor people cooked outdoors, when the weather was good. When the weather was not good, they built fires indoors, typically on a hearth in the middle of the floor, and they cooked over these. They did not have fireplaces as we know them because they were not invented until the 11th or 12th century, and were really only for rich people for a long time after that. The smoke went out through a large vent under the gable of the roof, or through a hole in the roof. They did not usually bake their own bread at home. In some places they could rent a community oven to bake, and in others they bought or traded for bread with a local miller or baker.

Monasteries, schools, castles, and manor house had kitchens, sometimes more than one with each specializing in a different kind of food. These were often in free standing buildings, again because they did not have good chimneys. In some places, the smoke was gathered by a smoke canopy which was a plastered thing hanging from the ceiling, and the smoke was vented through the roof or a wall. In others places, they just had large windows. But again, cooking was done out doors when possible.

The cooking methods and equipment were most similar to what we would use when camping out.

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14y ago

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