When did apthied started?

Answer 1

Apartheid officially began in South Africa in 1948 when the National Party came to power and implemented a system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination. However, the roots of apartheid can be traced back to earlier racial policies and legislation, such as the Natives Land Act of 1913. The apartheid system enforced strict racial divisions in all aspects of life, including education, healthcare, and housing, and lasted until the early 1990s, when it was dismantled following a series of negotiations and the election of Nelson Mandela in 1994.