1952
1969
Apollo 8 was the first spacecraft to go around the moon and to return to earth. The astronauts were Frank Borman , James Lovell, and William Anders.
The first hp computer built in 1937.
the first jewish temple was built in the times of king solomon
I think it was the Mycenaeans who built the first Greek kingdoms
Launched by the Saturn 5 rocket (the largest rocket ever built), the first spacecraft to take men to the moon was the Apollo spacecraft.
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The First spacecraft was the MESSENGER. The First spacecraft was the MESSENGER.
1969
The first space probe to be built was the Soviet Union's Luna 1, launched on January 2, 1959. It was intended to investigate the Moon and became the first spacecraft to reach the vicinity of another celestial body.
The first spacecraft built by humans was the Soviet Union's Vostok 1, which successfully launched on April 12, 1961. It carried astronaut Yuri Gagarin, who became the first human to travel into space and orbit the Earth. Prior to Vostok 1, there were several suborbital flights and uncrewed spacecraft, but Vostok 1 marked the beginning of human space exploration in orbit.
They were built throughout the 60's and into the 70's. The spacecraft and various modules went through many, many iterations and versions. There was not just a single design that was used throughout the program.
Humans have build a wide range of spacecraft in their voyage of space discovery, some manned and some not. A few of these include Vostok, the first manned spacecraft and the Colombia Orbiter which is considered a space plane.
Galileo was the first spacecraft to visit Jupiter.
The first successful rockets built to go into space were ICBMs: the Soviet Sputnik I & II were launched on military ICBMs, the US Mercury spacecraft were launched on military ICBMs (Redstone & Atlas), the US Gemini spacecraft were launched on military ICBMs (Titan II). IIRC, the Delta & Saturn rockets were the first successful rockets built to go into space that didn't begin as military ICBMs. Although most Deltas are launched from Vandenberg AFB. The European Arian was the first commercial rocket built to go into space.
The mariner spacecraft explored Mercury, Mars, and Venus. The first successful space probe and first spacecraft visit to a planet was Mariner 2.
The biggest (and heaviest) spacecraft ever built is the International Space Station, which is still not quite complete (July 2011).