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Since the four New Testament gospels were all originally anonymous, we have nothing written by any of the twelve apostles, and therefore no direct evidence that any of them could read or write. Mark mentions Levi , son of Alphaeus as a tax collector, so presumably he could have been able to read and write. However, Levi did not become an apostle, so the author of Matthew's Gospel nominated Matthew as a tax collector in his stead. As the other gospels do not follow suit, and as there are other reasons to doubt that Matthew was a tax collector, it is unlikely that Matthew was literate.

The Apostle Paul, on the other hand, was quite literate and well-educated.

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