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An ancient Greek, Democritus, hypothesized all things were made of atoms and that nothing could be smaller than atoms. Albert Einstein in 1905 demonstrated through mathematical theory that the motion of pollen particles in water (Brownian motion) was due to water molecules hitting against the pollen particles, which proved the atomic and molecular theory. This was confirmed experimentally in 1908. Also in 1905, Einstein explained the photoelectric effect (the emission of electrons from matter in consequence of absorption of energy from light) and concluded that light consisted of particles he called "photons". His Nobel Prize was awarded for explaining Brownian motion and proving the existence of atoms and molecules and for explaining the photoelectric effect in terms of particles of light. [He never received a Nobel Prize for his special or general theory of relativity].

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Related Questions

What is the idea that everything is made of small particles?

Particle theory, as opposed to string theory.


Who first came up with the idea that all matter is made up of tiny particles that he named atom?

These philosophers were Leukippus and Democritus, 2 500 years ago; probable a similar theory was also conceived in the antique India.


What term describe the idea that all matter is made of tiny particles?

Compound theory


What is the relationship between Democritus and Dalton's atomic theory?

Democritus, an ancient Greek philosopher, first proposed the idea of atoms as indivisible particles. Dalton's atomic theory, developed in the 19th century, expanded on this concept by introducing the idea of atoms combining in specific ratios to form compounds. Dalton's theory built upon and refined Democritus' original idea of atoms, laying the foundation for modern atomic theory.


Who first questioned the idea of the geocentric theory?

The Greek philosopher Aristarchus of Samos is credited with first questioning the geocentric theory in the 3rd century BC. He proposed a heliocentric model in which the Earth and other planets revolve around the Sun.


What is the idea of particles being in a constant random motion?

The idea of particles being in constant random motion is known as Brownian motion. This concept explains the seemingly random movement of particles in a fluid, which is caused by the collisions of the fluid molecules with the particles. This motion was first observed by the Scottish botanist Robert Brown in 1827.


Who had the theory of sea floor spreading?

Harry Hess came up with the theory of seafloor spreading . Alfred Wegener came up with the idea of continental drift NOT sea-floor spreading.


Who had the sea floor spreading theory?

Harry Hess came up with the theory of seafloor spreading . Alfred Wegener came up with the idea of continental drift NOT sea-floor spreading.


Who came up with the idea of the little circle big circle theory?

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Who made the idea of evolution famous in the nineteenth century?

Charles Darwin. he had came up with the theory.


What is quamtum theory?

Quantum theory is a fundamental theory in physics that describes the behavior of particles on the smallest scales, such as atoms and subatomic particles. It is based on the idea that particles can exist in multiple states simultaneously and that their behavior is probabilistic rather than deterministic. Quantum theory has led to a better understanding of phenomena such as superposition, entanglement, and the wave-particle duality of light.


Who was the first person to propose the theory of the atom?

The idea of the atom was first proposed by the ancient Greek philosopher Democritus in the 5th century BC. He believed that everything is made up of tiny, indivisible particles called atoms.