Who owns Manor Farm?

Answer 1

Land ownership in the modern sense was very rare in the middle ages. When land is clearly owned by a single party is called "fee simple", but there was almost no fee simple property in the middle ages. Instead, for any given land there were multiple people who had rights and responsibilities relating to that land.

The farmland of a particular manor was held by some kind of feudal land lord. In some cases this lord was a great lord like a king or duke. In many cases it was a lesser lord who had received the land from the greater lord in exchange for promises of loyalty, military service, or possibly monetary payments in place of the military service. In some cases the process was repeated more than once, with a given manor being passed as a fief down through a chain of lords and vassals.

The lord that directly holds the manor retains some of the farm land to generate goods and income for himself, and the remainder of the land was given over to the peasants of the manor for their use. The peasant who received land from the lord would owe rents, fees, and if the peasant was a serf or villein, labor on the lords land. In exchange the peasant was entitled to the lord's protection and justice. The peasants worked the lands that they held from the lord for their own livelihood.