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George G. Meade.

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The answer is not that simple. General George G. Meade was in overall command of the Army of the Potomac, having relieved General Joseph Hooker 3 days before the battle.

However, Meade was not personally present on the battlefield during the first day of the battle. The first element of the Union army to engage the Confederates was a cavalry brigade under the command of Col. William Gamble, serving under General John Buford. Buford was the ranking union officer until Maj. General John Reynolds arrived with the First infantry corps and assumed overall command.

Reynolds was killed early in the fighting and command fell to Maj. Gen. Abner Doubleday (1st corps) and Maj. Gen. Oliver Howard (11th corps) until Meade sent in Maj. General Winfield Hancock to assume command.

Meade himself arrived on the battlefield around midnight after the first day of battle and assumed personal command on the second day.

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