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Britain established the 13 colonies in North America primarily for economic reasons, aiming to enhance trade and access valuable resources like tobacco, timber, and fur. Additionally, the colonies served as a strategic buffer against rival European powers, particularly France and Spain. The British government also sought to alleviate population pressures and provide opportunities for settlement, which would strengthen its presence in the New World. Furthermore, certain colonies were founded for religious freedom, allowing groups like the Pilgrims and Puritans to escape persecution in England.

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