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The British conducted an extremely lucrative trade exporting opium from their colony India to China. They were well aware that this activity caused widespread opium addiction in China, but they did not see that as their concern. After several futile attempts by the Chinese Government to get the import and use of opium under some form of control, it finally simply forbade and actively blocked the import.

The big opium traders then pulled strings within the British Government, citing the seizure of opium imports by the Chinese government without compensation as a 'just' reason for war. Britain sent in a number of warships and forced the Chinese to re-allow opium imports and other British trade.

Under the rules of the peace treaty after this 'First' opium war, British and other Westeners got great freedom of movement. Notable among them were British and American missionaries, who generally treated the Chinese beliefs and traditions with contempt and who were often aggressive as wel as condescending in their conversion activities. This in turn led to a number of killings of Westerners by scandalized Chinese and a general deterioration of relations between China and the West.

Western countries - first Britain and France, later also Germany - used this, in combination with their complaints about insufficient freedom and volume of trade, as a pretext to start the Second Opium War. The Western powers also won this war, that led to the fall of the Chinese Governement, the legalization of the opium trade and the right of Western missionaries to freely evangelize and convert Chinese to Christianity.

So it is more a matter of the Chinese being engaged in these wars than engaging in them themselves.

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