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With economic embargoes the US was pressuring Japan to stop aggressive military expansion in China, and in Japan no measures short of war were seen as available. Admiral Yamamoto had been to the US and knew that US war production would overwhelm Japan in a long war. Yet, Yamamoto was also a gambler, and he knew that Japan could beat the US in a short war by knocking out the US carriers at Pearl Harbor, and leaving the IJN to quickly defeat the USN in a duel of battleships. Militarily it was a sound plan, but unfortunately for Japan the Pearl Harbor attack backfired for several other reasons, and it became a long war in which the US held the best cards.

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15y ago

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