Why simla conference of 1945 failed?

Answer 1

Out of 5 Muslim seats must 1 seat member selected by the congress.Quaid -e-Azam rejected this deadlock.All the 5 member should be selected by the Muslim league.Due to this reason simla conference failed.

Answer 2

During the Conference, all the parties accepted the Principle of an Executive council. What caused the failure of the conference was who should be on the council. Jinnah pointed out that the Sikhs and the Scheduled Casts were bound to vote for/with the Hindus. This would mean a permanent Muslim minority in the Executive Council. As there was no one to support the Muslims, rather than the small percentage of the Muslim population. Yet the Hindus have all the support they need to claim their majority in the Council.

Another reason for its Failure was that Jinnah objected to the suggestion of Congress that it could nominate both Muslims and Hindus. If it were to be allowed then the Muslim League would lose the seats to Congress Muslims and then Congress would become the majority and the League minority in the Council. Jinnah pointed out that the Muslim League is the sole representative of all Muslims in the Indian Sub-Continent. If the right to elect Muslim candidates was allowed and the right to elect only Hindu candidates from Congress then the League and Congress would be equal in political strength. But this wasn’t accepted so the Conference failed.

The disapproval and differences between Congress and Muslim League convinced Lord Wavell that these communities were so divided that they could not be brought together on one single point. He officially admitted and realized the firmness of both not to move an inch from their Prime. This was another example of the Two-Nation Theory being absolute. Thus, the Conference failed because of the efficient rivalry of both the communities.