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Colonies were central to the mercantilist system because they provided raw materials and resources that the mother country needed to fuel its economy and manufacturing. By monopolizing trade with these colonies, the mother country could ensure a favorable balance of trade, exporting more than it imported. Additionally, colonies served as exclusive markets for the mother country's goods, reinforcing economic dependence and control. This system ultimately aimed to enhance national wealth and power through tight regulation of trade and resources.

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