HOW were the CELTS civilised?

Whose 1823 doctrine said the Western hemisphere was not open to colonization or aggression by European nations? What was the difference about the way in which Seljuk Turks and Mongols interacted with their subjects? What is the correct chronological order from earliest Roman government to most recent Roman government? Which explorer was known as the European embarrassment? Where did first call originate? How can you know your future if you don't know your past? What was life like in the 16th century Verona? How much palladium has been mined in human history? What century is 1609 the 16th or the 17th? Why did romans use domes? What is the history of the combination lock? Why was there a middle class in the middle ages? Were medieval manors nearly selfsufficient? What century does the year 1990 belong? What is the ancient Roman alphabet? What nationality is the last name wendel? Why was it an important change that Roman soldiers no longer had to own property to serve in military by the beginning of the 1st century BC? What was life like as a seamstress in the middle ages? Who were the three groups of people given credit for the ''discovery'' of the Americas? Who were the crusaders fighting against?