What does the cross mean when its backwards?

What the christians thought of the Muslims during the crusades? Which group of people did some European powers use to be their enforcers? What feudalism were Europeans better able to deal with outside threats? The allowed new ideas to flow more easily to distant places during the Renaissance.? Did at the height of the empire Rome's system of roads reached a total length of 10000 miles? Who are considered to be ancient ancestors of Romans? Which century did the year 1631 occur? When did the renaissance era begin and ended? What kind of edecation did Augustus have? How were Lewis and Clark responsible for the fact that people wanted to travel out west? What is Meaning of will power? Were all the women in the harem wives? What day of the week takes its name from the Norse god Woden? Which is the most important patrons of the art during medieval period? When did white denim become popular? How were bad words created? George Santayana said Those who cannot learn from history are doomed to repeat it. To what historical skill does this statement apply A.History as common memory B.Historical imagination C.Chronolog? What was the down fall of the mungal empire? How was the concept of king invented? Is 2000 in the 20th century?