What established the legitimacy of the Papal States?

What did Benjamin Rush and William Gray do for each other at a celebration of the African Church of Philadelphia in 1793? How does Traditional values of your upbringing play an important role in your life? Is the most important Indian Hindu text the Bhagavead Gita? How was a town able to become independent of a feudal lord? Who had the biddest empire? What roman name means exalted one? How were Lewis and Clark responsible for the fact that people wanted to travel out west? How were civilizations more advanced than city-states? How long has it been from 238 BC to now? What was life like for a queen in the Middle Ages? What invention brought an end to the open range? In Rome who were the consuls and how where they chosen who were the senators? Byzantium is located on the? How did plebeian representation change in the government? Where did the western society's calendar come from? How did the inventions of Deere's steel plow and McCormick's reaper encourage the settlement o the western plains? What impact did the crusades in Europe had on trades? How was underwear invented? Why were the punishments so bad? What year was the Roman Emperor Cesar born?