A monarchy is a form of government where a single individual, known as a monarch, holds supreme authority and is often the head of state. Monarchs typically inherit their position through a royal lineage, with titles such as king or queen. There are different types of monarchies, including absolute monarchies, where the monarch has almost complete control, and constitutional monarchies, where their powers are limited by a constitution or laws. Monarchies can be found in various cultures around the world, each with its own traditions and governing structures.