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Rome was ruled by a kingship until the 6th century bc when it became a what?

Rome became a republic after the kings were ousted.


How was the concept of king invented?

The concept of kingship emerged in ancient societies as a means to establish order and governance over growing populations. Early leaders often assumed power through divine right or military prowess, leading to the belief that they were chosen by the gods or inherent in their lineage. As agricultural societies developed, centralized authority became necessary for managing resources, defense, and trade, solidifying the role of the king as a figure of political and social stability. Over time, kingship evolved into structured systems of monarchy, with varying degrees of power and legitimacy based on cultural and historical contexts.


What is the relationship of Merlin to King Arthur?

Merlin is a legendary figure often depicted as a wise wizard and advisor to King Arthur in Arthurian legend. He plays a crucial role in Arthur's rise to kingship, helping him to pull the sword Excalibur from the stone, which proves his right to the throne. Merlin's guidance and prophetic abilities are essential in shaping Arthur's destiny and the ideals of chivalry associated with his reign. Their relationship is one of mentor and protégé, deeply intertwined in the lore of Camelot.


Who did Octavian become?

Octavian, as Caesar's heir, called himself Caesar, became a Triumvir with Marc Antony and Lepidus - they split the empire amongst themselves, Antony taking the east, Lepidus palmed off with North Africa, and Octavian the west. Civil war ensued, and after he had defeated Antony at Actium, Octavian set himself up as First Citizen and kept control of the army and frontier provinces so that no challenger could bring on more civil war. Looking for a title, and determined to avoid the label of kingship which had brought the knives out against Julius, called himself Augustus.


How old was agustus when he became emperor?

There was no such title. He called himself Princeps - first citizen, which he adopted in 27 BCE until his death. # He kept control by getting the lifetime powers of a tribune of the plebs (which gave veto of legislation, ability to intoduce legislation in the Senate, and personal immunity in Rome). # He got himself imperium outside Rome which gave him authority and immunity. He had himself allocated the border provinces (which gave him command of the legions because that is where they were). The last thing he wanted was anything which smacked of kingship, which was red rag to a bull to republicans and had cost his adoptive father Caesar his life. It had to be camouflaged with indirect ways of pulling the strings. The word Emperor derives from the title of Imperator, which was given to a general by acclaim of the solders on a successful battlefield. This was an honorific, and had nothing to do with ruling. The Princeps who followed Rome kept power by following Augustus' manipulations. This deteriorated by the end of the 2nd Century CE, and despotic ruling began to take over. The earlier period is known as the Principate; thereafter we have invented the word Emperor to describe the later period of absolute rulers. Just to confuse things further, Rome had had a growing empire for a couple of hundred years prior to all this. It's just that the word Emperor didn't exist, and the leadership was taken by first the Consuls, then warring generals in coalition as Triumvirs (Caesar got himself Dictator for Life, which, looking like the no-no of kingship, sponsored his termination), and then the Augustan settlement after the civil wars, by the Princeps.