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The word solstice is derived from the Latin sol (sun) and sistere (to stand still), because at the solstices, the Sun stands still in declination (degrees above the horizon at a given time -say noon); that is, the seasonal movement of the Sun's path (as seen from Earth) comes to a stop before reversing direction.

When the Sun is at its greatest distance from the celestial equator; the point in the apparent path of the Sun at which the Sun is farthest north or south of the equator.

There are two solstices every year on about June 20-21 and December 21-22.

Solstice means either of the 2 times in the year, the northern (summer) solstice and the southern (winter) solstice, when the sun reaches its highest or lowest point in the sky at noon, these are also the longest and shortest days (though the difference in daylight duration from day to day around the solstices is least during the year and hardly noticeable.

At the instant of solstice the axis of the Earths rotation lies in a plane that intersects the Sun. Coincidentallyly the Earths elliptical orbit now has its major axis close to the solstices so that the Earth is furthest from the Sun about two weeks after the northern (summer) ssolstice and closest to the Sun around January 4-5, less than two weeks after the southern (winter) solstice.
The word solstice is derived from the Latin sol (sun) and sistere (to stand still), because at the solstices, the Sun stands still in declination; that is, the seasonal movement of the Sun's path (as seen from Earth) comes to a stop before reversing direction.

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Alyce Corkery

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2y ago

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