There are several theological and political factors, but primarily the authority of the Pope
The Catholic Church in the West and the Orthodox Church in the East
He hoped that the Eastern Church (Orthodox) and Western Church (Catholic) would be reunited.
In 1054 Christ's which (except for small groups of heretics and the Oriental Orthodox) was generally undivided and truly one split into the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church. The Orthodox would see the division this way: before 1054 there was just the Orthodox Church. After 1054 there was the Orthodox Church and the heretical church of the Patriarch of Rome, which would eventually call itself the Roman Catholic Church. The Romans would say that prior to 1054 there was just the Roman Catholic Church and then the Orthodox split off becoming a separate church. The way I, an Anglo Catholic, see it was that they both split from each other creating the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches. Neither church really existed as a separate denomination before. The denominational terms came into existence because of the tragic split.
The Orthodox Church is considered to have originated first, with roots tracing back to the early Christian communities in the Eastern Roman Empire. The Catholic Church developed later, with the Great Schism in 1054 leading to the split between the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church.
The historical event that led to the existence of married popes in the Catholic Church was the Great Schism of 1054, which resulted in the split between the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church. This division allowed for some married men to become popes in the Roman Catholic Church.
There is only one Catholic Church. There are no divisions. There are some non-Catholic denominations who call themselves Catholic but who are not Catholic, they are Protestant. If the church is not united under the pope in Rome, it is not a Catholic Church.
diocese
The changing times.
The excommunications of 1054 led to the Great Schism between the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church. This division created a lasting rift between the two branches of Christianity that persists to this day.
The Catholic Church and The Orthodox Church are divided, primarily, over the role of the Bishop of Rome (the pope) as the authoritative successor of St. Peter. Within The Catholic Church, proper, there is the Latin Rite and the Eastern Rite. There is no theological division between these two rites within The Catholic Church.
The Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church were primarily separated by theological, cultural, and political differences that culminated in the Great Schism of 1054. Key issues included the authority of the Pope, with the Catholic Church recognizing the Pope as the supreme leader, while the Orthodox Church rejected papal supremacy in favor of a conciliar model of governance. Additionally, disagreements over the Filioque clause in the Nicene Creed and differing liturgical practices contributed to the rift. These factors, along with historical tensions between the Eastern and Western Roman Empires, solidified the division between the two branches of Christianity.
The two primary groups that had conflicts leading to the split in Christianity were the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church. The split, known as the Great Schism of 1054, arose from theological, political, and cultural differences, including disputes over papal authority and the filioque clause in the Nicene Creed. This division resulted in the establishment of distinct Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox traditions that continue to exist today.