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The question calls forth degrees of answer. Both the Greek (Byzantium)and Ukrainian (Kyiv) Churches claim the activity of an apostle on their territory: St. Andrew. Greece proper was also served by St. Paul. A church matures by apostoloic activity or eveangelization to produce believers, then a bishop then a group of bishops under an Archbishop/Metropolitan or Patriarch, makes it into a spearate church. The Greek Church was elevated to be the second highest see in prestige in the universal church (Patriarch of Constantinople) during the early councils of 300s and 400s AD, the presiding see of Rome taking longer to recognize this status. The Goth tribes on Ukrainian territory already sent a bishop to the first Ecumenical Council in Nicaea in 325. From this time, Ukraine was dependent on Constaninople, but still made independent overtures to Rome. The Ukrainian Church became a province with a Metropolitan in the decades following the Ukrainian capital's Baptism of Kyiv in 988. The province included Belarus, and part of today's European Russia, and was a subdivision of the Greek Church. The Ukrainian Church continued periodic contact with Rome after the Greek and Roman Churches split into Orthodox and Catholic during 1054-1203 AD. The Ukrainian Church was completely split from the Greek Orthodox Church during the period, 1595-1686. First, most hierarchs, and later a large minority of faithful declared union with the (Catholic) Church of Rome in 1595-6. Next, in 1686, Moscow (later to be called, Rossiya, or Russia) obtained a transfer of jurisdiction of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church of Kyiv from the Greeks at Contantinople to the Russians at Moscow. Ukrainians question the legality of the move, given the assertions of bribery. The Russian Orthodox Church then absorbed the Ukrainian Orthodox Church, making all bishops non-Ukrainian by 1800. As the Turkish/Ottoman invasion receded, the Church of Greece proper gained some independence from Constantinople around 1900. After 1990, a portion of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church abroad was recognized by Constantinople, while the Orthodox Church in Ukraine split into several groups and gained partial independance from Russia.

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