A schema separates the physical aspect of data storagefrom the logical aspects of data representation.
A logical unit of data is a virtual representation of data while a physical unit of data is the actual storage of data on a physical device. The logical unit of data is how data is organized and manipulated from a software perspective, while the physical unit of data is how data is stored on hardware such as disks or memory.
It is generally considered more difficult to achieve logical data independence compared to physical data independence. Logical data independence involves separating the conceptual structure of the data from the physical storage aspects, which can be complex depending on the database design. Physical data independence primarily deals with shielding the application from changes in the storage structure, which is usually more straightforward to achieve.
The three levels of data abstraction in a DBMS are physical, logical, and view. Physical level: Describes how data is stored in the database, including details like data storage and access paths. Logical level: Focuses on the structure of the data in the database, including schemas, tables, and relationships. View level: Represents how users view the data, providing a customized and simplified representation of the data to different user groups.
The difference between architecture and topology is logical vs physical. Architecture is about the logical design of something. Topology is about the physical elements required to enable the architectural design. The difference between architecture and topology is logical vs physical. Architecture is about the logical design of something. Topology is about the physical elements required to enable the architectural design. The difference between architecture and topology is logical vs physical. Architecture is about the logical design of something. Topology is about the physical elements required to enable the architectural design.
Logical data independence is considered more difficult than physical data independence because it involves changes to the conceptual schema and external schema, which are more closely tied to the way data is organized and viewed in the application. Physical data independence, on the other hand, deals with changes to the internal schema, which is more abstract and can be modified with less impact on the overall system.
A schema separates the physical aspect of data storagefrom the logical aspects of data representation.
A logical unit of data is a virtual representation of data while a physical unit of data is the actual storage of data on a physical device. The logical unit of data is how data is organized and manipulated from a software perspective, while the physical unit of data is how data is stored on hardware such as disks or memory.
A logical representation of one or more physical disks configured to provide redundant and/or large storage space for the system.
No, a network diagram typically refers to a logical representation of a network, illustrating how devices and systems communicate with each other. It highlights the relationships and configurations among various components, such as routers, switches, and servers, rather than their physical layout. While a physical network diagram may depict the actual placement of cables and devices, the term "network diagram" generally encompasses both logical and sometimes physical aspects depending on the context.
Logical design refers to the abstract representation of the data and the relationships among data elements, focusing on how data is organized and accessed without considering the physical storage details. In contrast, physical design involves the actual implementation of the logical design, specifying how data will be stored on hardware, including file structures, indexing methods, and data storage formats. Essentially, logical design is about "what" data is needed and "how" it relates, while physical design deals with "where" and "how" that data is physically stored and retrieved.
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It is generally considered more difficult to achieve logical data independence compared to physical data independence. Logical data independence involves separating the conceptual structure of the data from the physical storage aspects, which can be complex depending on the database design. Physical data independence primarily deals with shielding the application from changes in the storage structure, which is usually more straightforward to achieve.
difference between physical and logical data flow diagrams.
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Yes, a physical topology can support multiple logical topologies.
* Physical file (PF) contains the data and have only one record format. Logical file (LF) is a view of the physical file which does not contain any data may be based on one physical file or more then one physical file. Logical file can have more then one record format. Logical can be non join or join logical file. Performance becomes better if you use the logical file in the program.