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If a town were to lose power or a disaster strikes, there are assigned groups of people who are trained in these situations. In my hometown we have what is called 'A.R.E.S.' which is Amatuer Radio Emergency Service. It is all voluntary, and in order to be with an A.R.E.S. group, you need to have your ham radio license. I have included a link below to the ARRL Website which will explain in a lot more detail about A.R.E.S. and Ham Radio.
The government may utilize ham radio (technically defined as "Amateur Radio") during times of disaster, natural or man-made, to provide inter-agency emergency communications. Amateur Radio operators by law are not allowed to accept payment for their services, and as such, they are not government employees. There are several volunteer organizations that various government agencies may enlist to provide emergency communications, such as ARES, the Amateur Radio Emergency Service. For more information on how Ham Radio can help during disasters, visit http://www.emergencyradio.org/.
Communication to other hams via amateur radio to get weather reports is very critical. Using APRS, data from weather stations connected to amateur radios can be broadcasted.
You go an get licensed. During the course of this, you'll learn what you need to know.
You may have a Ham radio antenna anywhere in the US, unless there are restrictions as to its placement, such as in a condo or apartment. If you meant a Ham radio transmitter, then you must have a Ham license to operate it.
Some alternative communication systems during disasters include text messaging, social media platforms, two-way radios, and satellite phones. These systems can help individuals stay connected and informed when traditional communication channels are compromised.
Ham radio is used daily woldwide. Emergency communications during hurricane Katrina is a good recent example. We were able to pass information into and out of New Orleans without any need for cell towers, phone lines, commercial power, internet etc. Ham radio works when nothing else does.
Amateur radio, often called ham radio, is both a hobby and a service in which participants, called "hams," use various types of radio communications equipment to communicate with other radio amateurs for public service, recreation and self-training. But we still don't know the origin of the word HAM.
Bad ham radio. Bad !