Yes, fleas do have immune systems, though they are simpler than those of mammals. Their immune system primarily consists of innate defenses, such as cellular responses and antimicrobial peptides that help protect them against pathogens. Fleas can respond to infections, but their immune capabilities are not as complex as those found in more advanced organisms.
Frontline claims to control fleas and ticks but if you have been using it too long, your fleas may be immune to it. Try Revolution. Based on studies, they protect better!
lymphokines
yes
yes
Yes. The unsanitary conditions of the cities drew rats to populated areas. The rats were carrying fleas infected with the disease, and those fleas infected to human population. The people were also suffering from weakened immune systems due to the unsanitary conditions and malnutrition (due to food shortages) which made them more susceptible to the plague.
Your immune system or your live, but you have to have healthy liver to filter out all your diseases.
Depression lowers everyone's immunity. Everything is depressed, not just the mood.
Respiratory and Immune Systems
Respiratory and Immune Systems
The immune system
the fleas where the start whom travelled from china, they had a bacteria in them which the fleas where immune to this bacteria was called versinnia. when the fleas bit the rats (black rat's ) drink the blood they would vomit out that bacteria that the rat wasn't immune to... soon the rat would die. after the fleas wiped out all the black rats they had no food so they moved onto the the humans and animals! so technically it wasn't the fleas who caused the plague it was the bacteria versinnia
Yes, most of the time the immune system weeds out cells that are abnormal.