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The colouring that occurs on the inside of shells from the ocean is a result of a substance called nacre. Some types of molluscs secrete nacre as a defence mechanism (this is how pearls are formed, for example). Nacre is a combination of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and an organic glue-like substance - possibly conchiolin - that holds it together.

The reason nacre has such iridescent colours is that the thickness of the calcium carbonate layer is similar to the wavelength of light. This means that light reflected from the outer surface interferes with light reflected from the inner surface, and this interference produces different colours depending on the angle at which they are viewed.

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12y ago

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