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Plants respond differently to

various colors, or wavelengths, of light because they have evolved pigments

that preferentially absorb one color more than others. For example, phototropin

is a pigment that preferentially absorbs blue light. Phototropin causes

phototropism, a bending response toward a light source. Therefore, phototropism

only occurs if the light source contains blue wavelengths.

Being able to sense different colors of light with pigments allows plants to

respond to their environment in several ways. For example, being able to

differentiate between red and far-red light with the pigment Phytochrome allows

plants to sense the day length, or photoperiod, and thus, the time of year.

Phytochrome is important in timing of flower production and determining when

deciduous trees lose their leaves and go dormant in the fall.

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