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The main physiological adaptation of the bamboo, the cactus, and the rose is their system of defense. Bamboo has ends that are sharp enough to penetrate the human body. It's the means by which some samurai committed suicide, in a painfully lingering but heroically reputed death, in Japan. The cactus has sharp ends in the form of modified leaves as thorns, spines, spikes, quills, prongs, needles, hairs, or bristles. The rose likewise has thorns, but as a supplement to and not as a replacement for leaves.

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15y ago

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