A person who leaves the country is?

Answer 1

It actually depends what your asking:

You could have to leave and seek refuge (due to danger-) in Another Country in which you can be called a Refugee (if permission is granted)

If you wanted to remain but were forced to leave, then you mean Exile.

If you are asking someone who leaves one country to live in another you could say Immigrant (legally there), Illegal Immigrant (without permission to stay),

Or if you are asking what do you call say, A Brit who lives abroad in somewhere such as Spain in retirement or for business then that would be an Ex-Pat.

Exile means to be away from one's home (i.e. city, state or country), while either being explicitly refused permission to return and/or being threatened with imprisonment or death upon return. It can be a form of punishment.

A refugee is a person who is outside their country of origin or habitual residence because they have suffered persecution on account of race, religion, nationality, political opinion, or because they are a member of a persecuted 'social group'. During the process of assessment it is common to use the term asylum seeker until recognized by the state where he or she makes his or her claim.

I hope this helps

V