Hyphens are used to link words and parts of words. They are not as common today as they used to be, but there are three main cases where you should use them:
No. Fully, when used as an adverb, is not followed by a hyphen. :)
Yes, "year-end" should have a hyphen when used as an adjective, such as in "year-end report." However, when used as a noun, it can be written as "year end" without a hyphen. The hyphen helps clarify that the two words function together as a single descriptive term.
A hyphen is a punctuation mark used to join words and to separate syllables of a single word. Spaces should not be placed between a hyphen and either of the words it connects except when using a suspended or "hanging" hyphen.
Time frame should always be two words without a hyphen.
Yes, "five-day trip" should have a hyphen. The hyphen is used to create a compound adjective that describes the noun "trip." Without the hyphen, it can lead to confusion about whether "five" and "day" are intended to be read together as a single descriptor.
It should be hyphenated when it is being used as an adjective.
No, a hyphen is not needed.
Yes, "younger-looking" should have a hyphen when used as a compound adjective before a noun. The hyphen clarifies that "younger" modifies "looking" as a single idea describing the noun that follows. For example, you would write "She has a younger-looking appearance."
Yes, "pre-workshop" should have a hyphen when used as a compound adjective to describe something that occurs before a workshop. The hyphen helps clarify that "pre" modifies "workshop," indicating the time relationship. Without the hyphen, the meaning could be ambiguous.
Yes, "clean out" does not have a hyphen when used as a verb phrase. However, it can have a hyphen when used as an adjective phrase, as in "clean-out sale."
The punctuation mark that should be used in the social security number is the hyphen.
Yes, you should use a hyphen in "fifty-one" when it is used as a compound adjective or when it appears in a sentence as a number. For example, "There are fifty-one apples in the basket." However, when used as a simple number in a list or count, it can be written without the hyphen.