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Quenching is done when you need to obtain the hardest, toughest form of the metal / polymer. For instance, when a steel is quenched in water it gets much harder and mechanical resistant but also more brittle than if it was allowed to cool down in a oven or at air.

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What is the difference between normalising and quenching?

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What is the process of rapidly cooling hot metal in a cold liquid called?

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