All states have Homestead exemptions that can be used to protect the equity in a house. The amount varies by state, for example Florida has an unlimited exemption others are quite strict allowing as little as $5,000. Check the state statutes concerning homestead exemptions in the state of residency. It also depends on whether the debt(s) are joint and how the property is titled.
Yes
Yes you can file bankruptcy. However the "rent to own home" is not owed by you and is still owned by the "landlord". You can continue with the "rent to own" or walk away. Bankruptcy is an entitlement to citizens for debt relief
yes
No
Of course
Yes he can file for Bankruptcy if he wants to depending on the situation of his property.
Chapter 7 is a liquidation bankruptcy, you are giving up your assets. If you want to keep your home and car you would need to file a Chapter 11 Bankruptcy.
Sure.
yes
If you file bankruptcy, you file bankruptcy on everything. You can not file bankruptcy on one loan.
You need to start off by talking to your bankruptcy experts. They should be able to help.
It depends on which "chapter" of bankruptcy you file. I suggest you speak with an attorney to see what you can do.