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In general, there are two design considerations made to protect passengers in the event of a crash. First, the passenger compartment of the car is usually reinforced (in a manner similar to a race car roll cage) to help keep it from being seriously damaged on impact. Second, those parts of the car not pertaining to passengers are designed to give way and collapse on itself on impact. The concept, called crumple zones, allows the car to absorb some of the energy of the impact. This helps protect the integrity of the passenger compartment by taking away some of the energy it would have to deflect as well as help reduce the likelihood and extent of a ricochet that can possibly cause the car to get into an even more dangerous situation.

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