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Used to test for residue on the skin that can result from discharging a firearm, the suspect's skin is coated with warm paraffin, which is applied to the skin to open up its pores. This collects contaminants from the skin. If the suspect had fired a gun, one potential contaminant would be the nitrates from gun powder residue. Once the paraffin hardens and is removed, either diphenylamine or diphenylbenzidine is introduced to the paraffin cast, which will turn it blue in the presence of nitrates. Thus, the presence of blue dots on the paraffin casts is evidence that the suspect had fired a gun. Other sources of nitrates can produce a false positive result.

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