The prosecutor and the Judge are supposed to carry themselves in a professional manner. In a court of law, the prosecutor is only supposed to argue his case for prosecution. The judge holds the final word. The prosecutor decisions does not affect the judge judgment of a case.
A plea bargain is a 'deal' made between the prosecutor and the defendant. Judges have nothing to do with plea bargains - as a matter of fact judges don't even have to abide by them.
Yes, judges have the authority to overrule a jury's decision in certain circumstances, such as when the judge believes the jury's decision is not supported by the evidence presented in the case.
It means that the Grand Jury found Probable Cause to believe that you committed the offense for which you were charged at the time of your arrest despite the action of the prosecutor's office.A prosecutor can NOT "dismiss" a criminal charge. When a prosecutor makes the decision NOT to follow through on the indictment it is known as a Nolle Prosequi. In plain English it means that the prosecutor has made the decision that;(a there is no 'prosecutorial merit' to the case, OR -(b) that case is found to be lacking the necessary facts or evidence to proceed to trial.A 'Nolle' is NOT a dismissal! Prosecutors can NOT "dismiss" a charge.Only judges have the legal authority to "dismiss" a charge.If your charge was "nolled" because of a factual error or an evidentiary deficiency - AND - that error or deficiency is "cured" by subsequent police investigation, the prosecutor COULD re-institute the charge against you and take you to trial.
In a jury trial, the jury makes decisions of fact, and the judge makes decisions on the law. Neither has any input on the others' decisions.
The judge closed the case.
Judges
a. the amount of time spent on them by judges and other court officers. b. the amount of work the prosecutor must do in preparation for the grand jury.
Administrative-law judges.
You'd better not do it in open court - but the judges findings can be appealed to the Court of Appeals.
This is always a 'chancy' decision. Even if the defendant and the prosecutor agree to the bargain they struck, the judge is not bound to agree with the bargained down plea. There have been instances in which judges have nullified the plea bargain and tried the defendant on the original charges.
The common law
Generally Appellate Judges are not looking for anything when they review a case. An appeal lawyer has presented his reasons why the appellate court should grant relief for his client. He lists the reasons on his brief. It refers to specific lines on transcript and to relevant case law. The judges read his brief. The opponent's attorney (prosecutor if criminal or plaintiff if civil) may enter his brief and explains why the other lawyer is wrong. The Appellate Judges examine the arguments and make their decision. (A lot of the work is done by law clerks just out of law school. They check the legal references in the law library or on line. Then they bring the relevant ones to the judges with their suggested decisions. The Judges read the clerks conclusions but make their own decisions.