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What is control techniques?
several problems can occur when concurrent transaction execute in an uncontrolled manner.
What are the three most common concurrent transaction execution problems?
The three most common concurrent transaction executive problems are uncommitted data, lost updates, and inconsistent retrievals. It is believed that concurrency control can help these problems.
What is concurrency control techniques?
several problems can occur when concurrent transaction execute in an uncontrolled manner.
What is concurrent execution of transaction in dbms?
Concurrent Execution in DBMSDatabase Management systems usually allow multiple transaction to run concurrently even though it causes a lot of complications with consistency of data. Ensuring consistency when multiple transactions execute concurrently, requires extra effort. It is much simpler to allow only one transaction to run at a time but concurrent execution of transactions has its own advantages: Improved throughput and resource utilization :Concurrent execution means that CPU doesn't have to be idle while it is waiting for I/O activity to complete. This is because transactions can run in parallel on CPU along with I/O activities. This means that resources can be utilized effectively by having multiple transaction run concurrently.Less waiting time : Without concurrency, a short transaction might need to wait for a long transaction to finish causing delay in its execution. With multiple transactions running on the system, new transactions have to wait for less time before getting executed.
Total ordering of schedules is necessary to ensure serializability justify?
Total ordering of schedules is necessary to ensure serializability because it provides a definitive sequence in which transactions are executed, allowing for a consistent and isolated view of the database state. This ordering ensures that the result of concurrent transaction execution is equivalent to some serial execution, thereby preventing anomalies such as lost updates, temporary inconsistencies, or uncommitted data being read. Without total ordering, the interleaving of transactions could lead to different outcomes, undermining the integrity of the database. Thus, total ordering is essential for maintaining the correctness and reliability of concurrent transactions.
What is nature of transaction sample?
A transaction sample refers to a subset of transactions selected for analysis, often used in auditing or research to represent a larger population. The nature of such samples can vary, encompassing different types of transactions such as sales, purchases, or financial exchanges. By examining a transaction sample, analysts can draw insights about patterns, compliance, or anomalies within the broader dataset. This approach helps in making informed decisions without needing to evaluate every single transaction.
What is a concurrent session?
Concurrent session (or sentence) means 2 different sessions (or sentences) that will run at the exact same time.
What is a concurrent forces?
Non concurrent forces are those forces that do not have a common point of intersection and act along different lines of action.
What type of powers deal with many different areas of state authority?
its either concurrent, inherent, implied, or reserved
What is a non concurrent force?
Non concurrent forces are those forces that do not have a common point of intersection and act along different lines of action.
What are the key characteristics of transaction cost economies?
Atomicity. A transaction must be an atomic unit of work (either all of its data modifications are performed, or none of them is performed).Consistency. When completed, a transaction must leave all data in a consistent state. In a relational database, all rules must be applied to the transaction's modifications in order to maintain all data integrity. All internal data structures, such as B-tree indexes or doubly linked lists, must be correct at the end of the transaction.Isolation. Modifications made by concurrent transactions must be isolated from the modifications made by any other concurrent transactions. A transaction either sees data in the state it was in before another concurrent transaction modified it or it sees the data after the second transaction has completed, but it does not see an intermediate state. This situation is referred to as serializability, because it results in the capability to reload the starting data and replay a series of transactions in order to end up with the data in the same state it was in after the original transactions were performed.Durability. After a transaction has completed, its effects are permanently in place in the system. The modifications persist even in the event of a system failure.
What powers are shared by the federal and the state governments?
concurrent
