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The US Supreme Court established two related criteria for determining whether a defendant is competent to stand trial in Dusky v. US, 362 US 402 (1960). These guidelines can be summarized as:

  1. The defendant must have the ability to consult with his lawyer and cooperate in his own defense.
  2. The defendant must have a reasonable ration and factual understanding of the charges and proceedings against him.

In a Per Curiam decision, the Court wrote:

"[The] test must be whether he has sufficient present ability to consult with his lawyer with a reasonable degree of rational understanding - and whether he has a rational as well as factual understanding of the proceedings against him."

This test was upheld as the standard in Godinez v. Moran,509 US 389 (1993)

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