" making a copy of a three-page journal article to use in researching your research paper" Under the fair use exemption to U.S. copyright law, you're allowed to make a copy of a periodical article for personal use, but it's illegal for you to make additional copies of the article for other people to use.
criminal laws(:
A copyright lawyer it a layer who specializes in copyright laws and intellectual property laws. They handle cases concerning copyright infrsingement.
Plagarism or copyright Laws!
Drugs and other pharmaceuticals are protected under the patent laws not under the copyright laws.
Copying, altering, distributing, or performing/displaying a work for which you are not the copyright holder, and for which you do not have permission from the rightsholder or an exemption in the law, is a violation of copyright laws.
Everything written or recorded since 1923 is affected by copyright laws.
copyright laws
If you violate copyright laws, you may face legal consequences such as fines, lawsuits, and having to pay damages to the copyright owner. In some cases, you could also be subject to criminal charges. It is important to respect copyright laws to avoid these penalties.
Trademark yes copyright no.
Copyright is a federal law which would be valid in California.
The Nuremberg Laws
passing ex post facto laws