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A misdemeanor is a criminal offense that is less serious than a felony. The origin of the word is generally thought to be from mis- (1) "wrong" + M.E. demenure(as in demeanor).

Conversely, a felony is the term used for very serious crimes. The origin of the word is generally thought to be from O.Fr.felon "wicked person, traitor, rebel," from M.L.fellonem "evil-doer."

Each state and the federal government has its own criminal code which classifies crimes as either misdemeanors or felonies, and assigns the punishment for each crime.

In federal criminal law a misdemeanor is generally a crime punishable by five days to a year in jail and a felony is a crime punishable by over one year in prison.

As an aside, a jail may hold inmates that have merely been accused of a crime (under federal, state, county and/or city laws) and are awaiting trial as well as inmates who have been convicted of a crime and imprisoned for up to one year.

Prison inmates have been tried and convicted of crimes (typically felonies). Prisons are either administered by the federal government or a state.

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