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Essentially, the plan is called, simply, "separation of powers". Each branch has one main function: the legislative branch makes laws; the executive branch carries out laws; and, the judicial branch interprets laws. In addition, the concept of "checks and balances" is closely tied to the idea of separation of powers. While the branches are considered, in theory, equal, each branch is empowered to "check" the power of the other two branches in specific situations. For example, while Congress can make laws, the President can veto bills passed by Congress, subject to be overridden by both houses of Congress. The President can appoint federal judges, Cabinet members and ambassadors, but such appointments must be confirmed by the U.S. Senate. The U.S. Supreme Court can declare laws passed by Congress or actions of the President unconstitutional.

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What is the plan that separates the federal government's power across three different branches?

Separation of powers


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