The bill starts in Senate and a clerk puts it into a committee based on jurisdiction. Once in a full committee it's put into a more specific sub-committee. Then there is a public hearing before it is finalized (passed, failed, amended or tabled[put aside to see if something better comes along]). The Rules committee (made of people chosen by the Speaker of the House and Majority leader.) puts the bill on the floor and calendar's it's vote. If voted to pass in Senate then it goes to House of Representatives. (May or may not have another public hearing in.
A bill.
A 'bill' is what the legislation is called before it becomes a 'law.'
Senate
a statute in draft before it becomes a law.
the president
Because the bill stage is the stage before a bill becomes a law. Then bill is not yet offical.
If a state law, the Governor. If federal law, the President.
Approved by the Governor General.
The house of lords fail to pass it
first a bill is only an idea, then it becomes a bill if the people like it and then it becomes a law
One year
Approved by the Governor General.